動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的變化規(guī)則
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2025-08-23 | 來(lái)源:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)轉(zhuǎn)載和整理
動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。
規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成:
1、一般情況下,動(dòng)詞原形詞尾加 -ed ,如:work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted
2、以不發(fā)音的 -e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -d,如:live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped
3、以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,把-y變?yōu)?i 再加-ed,如:study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried
4、以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞,雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母,再加 -ed,如:stop ---stopped plan---planned
口訣:動(dòng)詞變過(guò)去式有規(guī)律,一般詞尾加-ed.
如果結(jié)尾是啞e,只在后面加個(gè)-d.
結(jié)尾若是“輔+y”,把y變i加-ed。
若是重讀閉音節(jié),雙寫(xiě)之后加-ed。
不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成
1.把動(dòng)詞原形中的i改為a,變成過(guò)去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
2.把重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中的i改為o,變成過(guò)去式。如:drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改動(dòng)詞原形中的aw /ow為ew,變成過(guò)去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(動(dòng)詞show除外,show—showed)
4.動(dòng)詞原形中的e改為o,變成過(guò)去式。如:get—got,forget—forgot
5.動(dòng)詞原形中的ee改為e,變成過(guò)去式。如:feed—fed,meet—met
6.動(dòng)詞原形中的eep改為ept,變成過(guò)去式。如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.動(dòng)詞原形中的eak改為oke,變成過(guò)去式。如:break—broke,speak—spoke
8.動(dòng)詞原形中的ell改為old,變成過(guò)去式。如:sell—sold,tell—told
9.動(dòng)詞原形中的an改為oo,變成過(guò)去式。如:stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught結(jié)尾,且讀音是〔 :t〕的過(guò)去式。如:
bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould結(jié)尾且讀音為〔ud〕的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。如:can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把動(dòng)詞原形中的o改為a,變成過(guò)去式。如:come—came,become—became
13.在動(dòng)詞原形后加d或t變成過(guò)去式,并且發(fā)生音變。如:
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
14.動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式與動(dòng)詞原形一樣。如:let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述規(guī)律的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took