英語(yǔ)閱讀理解與分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2025-11-21 | 來(lái)源:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)轉(zhuǎn)載和整理
英語(yǔ)閱讀理解100篇(中級(jí)篇)-32
PassageThirty-two(TheYoungGeneration)
Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesamecommentismadefromgenerationtogenerationanditisalwaystrue.Ithasneverbeentruerthanitistoday.Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents.Theythinkmoreforthemselvesanddonotblindlyaccepttheidealsoftheirelders.Eventswhichtheoldergenerationremembersvividlyarenothingmorethanpasthistory.Thisisasitshouldbe.Everynewgenerationisdifferentfromtheonethatprecededit.Todaythedifferenceisverymarkedindeed.
Theoldalwaysassumethattheyknowbestforthesimplereasonthattheyhavebeenaroundabitlonger.Theydon’tliketofeelthattheirvaluesarebeingquestionedorthreatened.Andthisispreciselywhattheyoungaredoing.Theyarequestiontheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency.Officehours,forinstance,arenothingmorethanenforcedslavery.Wouldn’tpeopleworkbestiftheyweregivencompletefreedomandresponsibility?Andwhataboutclothing?Whosaidthatallthemenintheworldshouldweardrabgreysuitsandconvicthaircuts?Ifweruinourmindstomoreseriousmatters,whosaidthathumandifferencescanbestbesolvedthroughconventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans,whosaidthathumandifferencecanbestbesolvedthroughconventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans?Whyhavetheoldergenerationsooftenusedviolencetosolvetheirproblems?Whyaretheysounhappyandguilt-riddenintheirpersonallives,soobsessedwithmeanambitionsandthedesiretoamassmoreandmorematerialpossessions?Cananythingberightwiththerat-race?Haven’ttheoldlosttouchwithallthatisimportantinlife?
Thesearenotquestionstheoldergenerationcanshrugofflightly.Theirrecordoverthepastfortyyearsorsohasn’tbeenexactlyspotless.Traditionally,theyounghaveturnedtotheireldersforguidance.Today,thesituationmightbereversed.Theold—iftheyarepreparedtoadmitit—couldlearnathingortwofromtheirchildren.Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot‘sinful’.Enjoymentisaprincipleonecouldapplytoallaspectsoflife.Itissurelynotwrongtoenjoyyourworkandenjoyyourleisure;toshedrestrictinginhibitions.Itissurelynotwrongtoliveinthepresentratherthaninthepastorfuture.Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb:theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation.Thisistheirgloriousheritage.Canwebesurprisedthattheyshouldsooftenquestionthesanityofthegenerationthatbequeathedit?
1.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesintheyoungisNOTmentioned?
[A].Bettereducated.[B].Moremoneyandfreedom.
[C].Independence.[D].Hardwork.
2.Whatsotheyoungrejectmost?
[A].Values.[B].Theassumptionoftheelders.
[C].Conformity.[C].Conventionalideas.
3.Whydotheyoungstressonthepresent?
[A].Theyhavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb.
[B].Theydislikethepast.
[C].Theythinkthepresentworldisthebest.
[D].Theyareafraidofdestruction.
4.Whatcantheoldlearnfromtheyounggeneration?
[A].Enjoymentisnotsinful.[B].Peopleshouldhavemoreleisuretime.
[C].Menmightenjoylife.[D].Oneshouldenjoyone’swork.
Vocabulary
1.reminder使共回想起某事的東西,提示者
2.complacency自鳴得意,自滿情結(jié)
3.takeleave擅自,任意,隨意
Itookleavetoconsiderthismattersettled.請(qǐng)?jiān)徫艺J(rèn)為這事已經(jīng)解決了。
4.conformity與……一致,遵從
5.guilt有罪,內(nèi)疚
6.ridden(ride的過(guò)去分詞)受……支配的,受……壓迫
7.guilt-ridden負(fù)罪感
8.amass積累,積聚
9.arat-race激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
10.shrugoff對(duì)……聳肩表示不屑一理,輕視,擺脫
11.spotless無(wú)污點(diǎn)的,純潔的
12.shed擺脫,拋棄
13.annihilate殲滅
14.bequeath贈(zèng)送,把……傳給后代
15.sanity頭腦清醒健全
難句譯注
1.convicthaircut.Convict義:罪犯。罪犯和短發(fā)兩字合在一起為“囚犯理的發(fā)式”。但在這里其含義根據(jù)上下文決定。前面講到“誰(shuí)說(shuō)世界上所有的男人都應(yīng)穿淺灰色的西裝”,后面只能譯成“剪成像罪犯似的短發(fā)呢”。本義有haircut義:修理整齊的短發(fā)。整齊劃一表示紳士派的工作人中作風(fēng)正派,認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé),一絲不茍的精神。作者用了convict罪犯一字表示諷刺:“罪犯也是整齊劃一的短發(fā)跟紳士們的要求一樣,難道他們也是作風(fēng)正派,認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé),一絲不茍嗎?”
寫作方法與文章大意
這是一篇論及“代溝”的文章。主要采用對(duì)比手法,一開始就提出了一個(gè)老問(wèn)題:“老人們經(jīng)常說(shuō)年輕人不是從前那樣了。這一評(píng)語(yǔ)代代相傳,永遠(yuǎn)是對(duì)的,而今天比以前任何時(shí)候更正確。”下面幾段就論述他們之不同點(diǎn)以及對(duì)比老少兩代人的'態(tài)度。
答案祥解
1.D.艱苦工作。這在第一段中第四句“青年一代受了更好教育,有大量的錢話,有更多的自由。他們成長(zhǎng)的很快,不那么依賴于父母,他們獨(dú)立思考得更多,不盲目接受老一代的理想……。”
A.受更好的教育。B.更多的錢和自由。C.獨(dú)立性。這三項(xiàng)均提及到。
2.C.順從。第二段集中講到這一點(diǎn)?!耙?yàn)槔先藗兘?jīng)常認(rèn)為自己懂得多,理由就是他們經(jīng)歷得多。他們不喜歡自己的價(jià)值觀受到懷疑或威脅。而這正是青年在做的。他們對(duì)老人們的設(shè)想提出疑問(wèn),打亂他們的自鳴得意。他們甚至敢于懷疑老一代創(chuàng)造了世界上可能最佳的社會(huì)。他們最反對(duì)的莫過(guò)于順從。例如:他們說(shuō)辦公時(shí)間就是強(qiáng)制奴役,如果人們完全自由,絕對(duì)負(fù)責(zé),他們的工作不會(huì)更好嗎?而穿衣呢?誰(shuí)說(shuō)世界上所有的男人都該穿單調(diào)的灰色西裝和剪成像罪犯似的短發(fā)?……?!边@些詞語(yǔ)都表示他們最反對(duì)的東西是遵從,“一致性”。所以
A.價(jià)值。B.長(zhǎng)者的設(shè)想。D.傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗觀念。都是具體的某一點(diǎn)。
3.A.他們?cè)谡◤椀年幱跋鲁砷L(zhǎng)。第三段倒數(shù)第四句起“由于年輕人是在炸彈戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的陰影下成長(zhǎng)壯大:在不斷受到全面殲滅的威脅之下,所以也只能期望他們重視目前。這是他們的光榮遺產(chǎn)。他們經(jīng)常詢問(wèn)贈(zèng)給他們遺產(chǎn)的這代人的頭腦是否清醒。對(duì)此我們能表示驚訝嗎?”遺產(chǎn)指的是第二段的種種問(wèn)題所體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的東西,如:“誰(shuí)說(shuō)人類之差異能通過(guò)常規(guī)政策或暴力手段予以很好的解決?為什么老一代人常用暴力來(lái)解決他們的問(wèn)題?為什么他們(老一代)個(gè)人生活那么不愉快。老有負(fù)罪感?為什么老糾纏于要積聚越來(lái)越多的物質(zhì)財(cái)富?……?!?/p>
B.他們不喜歡過(guò)去。C.他們認(rèn)為現(xiàn)世界是最好的。D.他們害怕破壞。
4.A.享受不是犯罪。這在第三段中間“老年人——如果他們準(zhǔn)備承認(rèn)的話——可以從他們的孩子們那里學(xué)到一兩件事。他們能學(xué)的最大的課堂之一是享受不是犯罪?!薄跋硎堋笔侨丝蛇m用于生活各個(gè)方面的原則。從工作中獲得樂(lè)處,享受閑暇時(shí)間,肯定不是錯(cuò)誤。拋棄約束限制,生活在現(xiàn)在而不是生活在過(guò)去肯定也不是錯(cuò)。
B.人們應(yīng)有更多的閑暇。C.人可以享受生活。D.一個(gè)人應(yīng)當(dāng)享受工作。